Review of related literature Essay

CHAPTER II As mentioned earlier, it is indeed a certainty that the journals and books used by the author of this study is much related to the issue being discussed. The said journals are to be introduced herein. One of the basic factors of success in any organizational progress is the art of motivation. However, motivational procedures are not that easy to apply especially if the crowd to be dealt with is not that inclined or cooperative in the progress being implied in a specific organization. According to Martinez, in his book entitled â€Å"Management Theory and Practice†, motivation consists of three basic phases of development: †¢ Examination of the situation Before anything could be started, it is very important to first examine the real situation and how the situation is supposed to be dealt with. This may include an evaluation of the present circumstances and how it could be related to what future results are expected from the program or motivational procedure to be implemented. (Martinez, 121) †¢ Consideration of the Participants. Who are the participants to the program or the procedural approach? This question should be considered upon the formulation of the motivational processes that would be chosen by the administration to be implemented. (Martinez, 15) †¢ Application of Procedures After evaluating the situation and determining the people who would be involved in the programs, the application of the formulated procedures could already be commenced in a planned way. In this manner considerably fine results could be expected upon completion of the procedures. (Martinez, 16) Through the constant observation of the completion of the said phases, program procedures could be expected to become successful. The presence of the processes mentioned in here could determine the success of any applied motivational procedures by any business administration or even educational institutions at that. Meanwhile, Don Dinkmeyer in his book entitled â€Å"Leadership by Encouragement† stresses about the importance of encouragement in becoming a good leader. He says that: â€Å"the main aim of leaders is to help their colleagues progress for themselves and the organization they work as well† (Dinkmeyer, 41). Hence, this means that among the important factors that each person within an organization should consider is the fact that they need to be leaders in their own ways and encourage their co-workers to progress in a way by which the organization and they themselves could benefit much. Dinkmeyer further adds, â€Å"there are necessary factors to consider in being a fine leader of encouragement† (44). Here are some of the suggested factors of concern in Dinkmeyer’s book: †¢ As a leader, a considerable act of control is needed; however, concern for colleagues is also a character necessary for leaders to have. (18) †¢ Motivating people for further self progress and organizational benefit is one of the leader’s most important functions in a team. Hence, this skill should be enhanced and considered a major work for leaders. (19,20) †¢ Empathy for other colleagues concern in the motivational program should be applied. Yes, being able to understand how others feel about the progress procedures should be considered by the leaders. This way they are able to take the challenge of dealing with people’s reactions towards the program and be able to motivate them to take the progressive procedures as well. (25) Yes, by being able to become an ideal leader, a person could be able to encourage other people around him to be able become mote progressive in their own ways. One of the basic reasons why this study has been commenced is the fact that the motivational processes are highly concerned with language classrooms, specifically ESL classes. In this regard, Zoltan Dornyei talks about specific factors of concern especially on the part of the educators when they are dealing with their students. Here are some of the suggestions he mentions: †¢ Be leaders and become role models in class. As the educators show their enthusiasm in teaching, the students too are able to have encouragement to learn the language with enthusiasm as well. †¢ Make the Classroom Environment Lively This could include the ability of the educators to encourage their students to speak out their ideas and their thoughts regarding the issues being discussed which should be of interest to the students depending on their age and their races. This would allow the students understand the language they are trying to learn while enjoying sharing their thoughts at the same time. †¢ Be Open to Suggestions from Students The fact that the students also want to have exposure to the language at a certain level, the educators should consider hearing what they want form the class to be able to help them participate more during discussions. This way, they could become more progressive with their studies as the classes continue. With regards to the direct worker motivation processes, Abraham Maslow has something to say about the theories of motivation that could be utilized in encouraging the people to work hard not only for their own good but for the good of their organization as well. According to him, there are necessary physiological needs of the workers that must be provided by the organizations to be able to get the best out of their employees. Among the breakdown of his hierarchy of needs of employees are three major points of consideration: †¢ Needs of self-actualization As an intrinsic motivation, this factor of concern is directed to an employee’s ability understand that he is of some worth to the organization he is working for. †¢ Preconditions for the basic satisfaction. Also considered as an intrinsic motivation, this concept of encouraging the employees involves the satisfactory aspects of the employees within themselves due to the work they are doing. †¢ Desires to know and understand One of the important factors of self satisfaction is one’s ability to learn more as an additional knowledge to for themselves from their jobs. True, this factor of consideration in motivating the employees helps a lot in making them realize that they have certain benefit form the work they are engaged with. Thus they are motivated to work even better to be able to gain their benefit from their company. On the other hand, Frederick Herzberg talks about external motivation that has to be implied to be able to encourage employees to work at their best. Among the said extrinsic aspects of motivation are : †¢ Achievements †¢ Recognition †¢ Growth and Advancement †¢ Interest in the Job These four factors of consideration helps the employee realize that their abilities are appreciated by their organization and are used as a reason for other’s to follow their work ethics and attitudes. With the use of these suggestions, it could be expected that the classroom procedures would become more productive and more progressive for the capability of the students to use the English Language more effectively. Hence, the programs of learning would be more effective and practical for more and more students who are interested to take the ESL courses that the learning institutions offer. With the utilization of the literatures mentioned herein, the discussion of the issue being tackled in this paper shall be continued towards its completion. CHAPTER III Discussions An ample amount of motivation in the Toronto ESL program offerings have resulted in considerable successful final products. However, the question here is, how much motivation did it take before the educators were convinced to take on the challenges of teaching other races with the ESL programs that has been formulated for the different institutions to include in their learning programs? Certainly, motivating people to take on the challenges of change is not an easy task. According to Andrew Duffy’s report on Canadian learning institutions, Canada’s failing of a number of students who are studying in the said country has been due to the fact that the seriousness upon the program that the students are ought to learn has not been realized much by the students themselves. As a result, educators handling this type of situation also loose their enthusiasm upon the application of the program, which they ought to offer to their students. This situation then called for much motivational processes on the part of the administrators of the learning institutions. The Motivational Procedures Specifically focusing on the institutions in Toronto, Canada, it has been reported that the staffing of ESL teachers has been increased in a matter of time to be able to support the existing teaching force with the other educators that are needed to attend the needs of the students in Toronto. Notifying the educators on how to specifically help the students realize what they have to learn about their chosen courses have made so much difference for the reports which were once reported about Toronto. The Toronto Star reports that in a nationwide survey of some 9,000 high school dropouts in Canada, â€Å"three out of every 10 dropouts leave school because of boredom. † Good grades are no indicator that students will stay in school, as over 30 percent of those surveyed had high marks. Jim Livermore, vice president of the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation was not surprised. He stated: â€Å"Boredom is more of a factor today than it was 20 years ago because of television. To interest kids everything today has to be glitzy, high tech and showy. † Mr. Livermore feels that some of the brightest minds are not being challenged in school. He added that the â€Å"old way of teaching doesn’t work any more. Rather than lecture-style teaching, we have to get students more involved in learning. † Hence, it has been added in the motivational procedures the educators need to be educate themselves. This education includes teaching strategy enhancement as well as informing the teachers on the real need of the country of having English Speaking citizens. It has been stressed out that the production of students who are able to speak professional business English gives the country a greater chance of being globally competitive, as their employees become world class. Hence, the educators were able to realize the need for the said program. As a result, the educators were motivated to continuously assist their students to becoming highly competent when it comes to using the English language in a professional level. Results of Motivation After the motivational procedures have been implemented, fine results have been received by several Toronto learning institutions. Yes, the application of the learned strategies through the motivational programs, which were commenced, proved to be productive and successful for the students who were able to realize the need for them to progress on their own way. Certainly, it has been observed that much of the motivational tactics that the administrations used for these programs were indeed effective. The motivation that the teachers were able to gain during the training programs has directly affected the way the students view their need to learn their subjects. The fact that the teachers realized the need for the program in their place, the programs became much productive, able to give the students the ample training they need to be able to become competent enough in the usage of the English language. This then helps the Canadian employers to be more at ease as they hire students who were produced by the Toronto learning institutes. STUDENT COMPETENCY RESULTS The existence of fine educator skills, excellent learning environment, and constant encouragement form educators have been able to result to several considerable results on the part of the English speaking skills of the students. The competency of the educators has driven the students to learn more and apply the subjects they have learned to their own everyday lives. It has been more often than not the students were motivated to learn more everyday as they see the enthusiasm from their teachers to help them learn the language and apply the language in their daily activities. The confidence among individual students has also been developed through the educating programs. The process of learning for the students became more accommodating and progressive as it gave attention to their needs and gave importance to their development not only as English speakers but as individuals living in Canada as well. CHAPTER 4 Overall Situational Assessment. With the details of ESL development programs in Canada, specifically in Toronto, listed in this paper, it shows how much motivational procedures aimed towards the educators could contribute so much on the way the students progress in their studies. The effectiveness of the curriculum of English learning offered in institutions of education is highly based upon the enthusiasm of the educators to handle their classes while being able to meet the needs of each of their students. Indeed, teaching students with so much diversity among them is a great challenge to any educator in the learning industry. The consequences though of ample training and motivation with regards to the teaching strategies used by the educators is indeed fruitful and beneficial on the part of the students and the economic growth of the country basing from the competency of the employees produced by the institutions, regardless of the fact that they are native English speakers or not. In this manner, the certainties of the employers on the new graduates of learning institutions become stronger and the results of the job done by these students are much globally competitive as they re able to use the English language in professional applications. Chapter 5 Conclusion From the study that has been presented herein, it is obvious that the situation of organizations is constantly changeable. Most likely, the focus is to continuously make possibilities for changes. TO be effective in facing company challenges in facing grievances and demands of the employees within a certain organization, it is indeed advisable for the human resource management to take necessary steps in creating strategic structure of Human Resources Department Organization. This means that as the HR faces so much turmoil in managing people, the whole body of the HRD should be subdivided into several parts who would be in charged in facing only specific details on the organization’s internal affairs. In this way, the responsibilities would be distributed and the issues would be more focused upon by personnels who are more experienced on the matter at concern. As for example, a certain group within the HRD would be in charged in salary and payment grievances, another on benefits, then another on finances and so on and so forth. Having this structural design of organization would ease the troubles of the Human Resources Department in facing company issues, all at the same time. Surely, the decisions that would be made in this manner would be more thought about and in turn, would become more effective and practical as well. As years continue to progress, employees of organizations become more and more demanding. Because of this, the Human Resource Department is faced with more and more problems, which they are expected to fix. True, the challenges for the HRD continuously grows and as an answer to this, the HR. should also consider continuous development in terms of effective practices in facing issues. Indeed, the Human Resources Management has the most complex and complicated work in an organization. Yet, by the use of strategic approach in facing issues, the Human Resources Management would be able to survive the struggles and emerge victorious in bringing the organizations to prosperous status. BIBLIOGRAPHY Internet Journal Sources: The Community Social Planning Council of Toronto. (2005). Community Voices, Perspectives and Priorities. http://72. 14. 253. 104/search? q=cache:LHaAxJemZSoJ:www. inclusivecities. ca/publication/reports/Toronto-ICC-Report. pdf+ESL+in+Toronto+Canada+reports&hl=tl&gl=ph&ct=clnk&cd=6. (November 7, 2007). The 2003 Atkinson Fellowship In Public Policy. (2003). Class Struggles: Public Education and the New Canadian. http://www. atkinsonfoundation. ca/files/Duffyrev. pdf. (November 7, 2007). A. H. Maslow. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. http://www. advancedhiring. com/docs/theory_of_human_motivation. pdf. (November 7, 2007). Frederick Herzberg. (2006). Human Relations Contributors. http://www. accel-team. com/human_relations/hrels_05_herzberg. html. (November 7, 2007). Books: Don Dinkmeyer. (1995). Leadership By Encouragement. CRC Publishing Company. Zoltan Dornyei. (2001). Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. Cambridge University Press. Lewis E. Losoncy.(2003). The Motivating Team Leader. DC Press. Barbara Burnaby. (1992). Socio-Political Aspects of ESL in Canada. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. JoAnn Phillion. (2002). Narrative Inquiry in a Multicultural Landscape: Multicultural Teaching and Learning (Issues in Curriculum Theory, Policy, and Research). Ablex Publishing. Devon Woods. (1996). Teacher Cognition in Language Teaching: Beliefs, Decision-Making and Classroom Practice (Cambridge Applied Linguistics). Cambridge University Press. Craig Chaudron. (1998). Second Language Classrooms: Research on Teaching and Learning (Cambridge Applied Linguistics). Cambridge University Press. HYBELS. (2003). Communicating Effectively. McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages Jere Brophy. (2004). Motivating Students to Learn (2nd Edition). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2nd edition. Irene M. A. Henley. (2004). Aviation Education and Training: Adult Learning Principles and Teaching Strategies. Ashgate Publishing Company. Ken Hultman. (2001). Balancing Individual and Organizational Values: Walking the Tightrope to Success. Pfeiffer; 1st edition. Ezdras Martinez. (1990). Management Theory and Practice. Rex Book Publishing Manila.

Good and bad. Mobile phone Essay

Handphones have become a major part of our lives. Today, it is being widely used all over the world. Most of us, that is. It has metamorphosized from being a luxury to necessity for some of us. Handphones are one of the things that we cannot do without, for one reason or another. We have come to depend on it, increasingly so, and in doing so it has become a need. Having handphones can prove to be very useful but it can also be said otherwise. There are both advantages and disadvantages to owning a handphone or being in the midst of people who own them. Owning a handphone means one can be easily reached when on the road or when one is not at home or in the office. It can even be used when one is overseas, using the ROAM service. There are features such as voice messages and SMS, in other words, Short Message Service. This is to allow people to contact a handphone owner even if he is busy or is unable take the call. These features enable the owner of the phone to know why he is being called, so on and so forth. SMS-es help to keep it short. Without calling, you can leave a short message. Nowadays though, people use it to have conversations, especially the young, and those who find it easier to message than to talk. It is also cheaper and thus allows one to save on talk time. Another advantage would be that of being able to call whenever and wherever there is an emergency, for example when you are in a road accident or you need to call someone and there does not seem to be any public phones nearby. There are also different mobile service plans to choose from to suit one’s communication needs, be it longer talk time, free incoming or outgoing calls, or more free local SMS. As such, one can reap much benefits and save costs. Nowadays, handphones rarely just have one function, which is to make and receive calls. There are more functions and features such as listening to music, taking pictures with an in-built camera, playing games, and even logging on the internet and etc. There are also disadvantages that come along with the usage of handphones. Firstly, there are limitations to where a handphone can be used. If there were no reception, then there would be no possibility of making or receiving calls. On another note, a person can say he is at a certain place when in fact he s somewhere else. So, you can never be too sure of where a person  might actually be. User-abuse is another factor. Here, what is meant by user-abuse is the fact that some users are not considerate in that they make use of the phone in places where it is not allowed. As such they disturb others. It is one thing to let it ring loudly, but yet another, to be answering the phone. For example, in movie theatres, plays and the like. It is said that there are dangers of handphone radiation, though there is no conclusive evidence to prove a link between cancer and handphone radiation. Lastly, handphones cannot be used in most parts of hospitals as it could affect the readings on the equipments due to the radiation emitted and would pose as great danger to the patients.

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in Work with Children Essay

Inclusive practice is identifying and understanding any barriers that are stopping children from completing the activity. We have to make sure that whatever the child’s background they are able to fully join in with everything within the school. This will make the children feel valued and have a sense of belonging. Inclusion does not mean that we view each other the same or provide the same work, it is about making sure we are making adaptions to the activity instead of making a child do a completely different activity and make sure we are providing the same opportunities. We need to take on board and accept that the child is different. Medical model of Disability- The medical model is based on that children must adapt to the environment that exists, for example in my school there is down’s syndrome boy he attends all lessons, but he has a support worker who is helping him. We assume that the child will adapt to our atmosphere, this means that the boy will depend more and more of others to help him. Social Model of Disability- The social model is more about the school adapting things to suit the child, so they have more independence. Changing the physical environment, which could be ramps or lower shelves for children with disabilities to reach. Providing information such as symbols or sign language The curriculum can be modified with additional support or adjustments to assessments. Describe the features of an Inclusive Setting We often talk about the atmosphere of a school. This relates to a feeling that everyone in the school matters and all play their own part in school life. When entering my school I felt relaxed and excited about being able to volunteer at this school. The reception area was colourful and full of children’s work. The staff seemed friendly and made me feel welcome in their school. It is a clean, fresh and modern school. An inclusive setting is setting which uses a whole school approach to learning, working within a team. Where any barriers are found, strategies need to be used to remove them. When working with special education needs children it is important to focus on what they are good at rather then what they can’t do. So for example: Two children are sitting in their place in the classroom and they are running behind with copying the work from the board, they are sat in a position where they have their backs to the board. So to overcome this barrier I will ask to move them so they can see the board more clearly and catch up with the work. A school with inclusive practice will have the following features: * Barriers are recognised:  This could be from the parents, assessments, observations or staff noticing * Barriers will be removed or minimised: This can be done by arranging outside agencies to come in to the school and to change the environment for example ramp instead of steps * Pupils will be educated alongside their peers: A child who cannot do the work the class is doing should not be moved to a different room, they need to stay in the classroom and have more access to support or equipment that will help them. * Children are given the chance to use their own voice to air their views and opinions which will be listened to: They should be involved in what they need, asked what barriers to be removed which will help them and asked simple questions about how the activity went and if they enjoyed it. A good way of letting children have a voice is a school council or a radio station. * There will be clear policies and procedures: All policies and procedures will be reviewed regularly and made clear to all staff * Staff will receive regular training relating to inclusion: Staff members would be offered regular training when it comes to inclusion, diversity and equality of opportunities. * The school will work in partnership with stakeholders: These will be parents, staff members or other outside agencies * It will also work in partnership with other services: This will be speech therapist, doctors, health visitors, social services to make sure that children are given professional help. Case Study: Inclusive practice Sean has just qualified as a teaching assistant and has started his new post at a large primary school. It is his first week and so that he gets to know the school, staff and children, he has been asked to work alongside Kira, an experienced teaching assistant who has been at the school for a number of years. Sean joined Kira who was working with a group of 7 year old children making 3D models. Sean noticed one of the children, Jamie, sitting at the side just watching and asked where his model was. Kira’s reply was that because of his disability (cerebral palsy), Jamie had difficulty in using the tools and materials. She said that she asks him to read a book during the art and craft lesson. Suggest how Jamie might feel – Jamie would feel left out, upset and wandering why he is being left out. He might feel embarrassed or that he has done something wrong. Jamie could be bullied about the situation and children might leave him out during playtime etc. Loneliness and isolated could be another feeling he might experience. What message does this give to other children in the group-? Other children might get the impression that he can’t do anything and end up doing everything for him. They might think that he is stupid or start to leave the child out in activities as they have watched staff members doing it. The children might refuse to do the activity as Jamie is seen not doing it and they might start to bully Jamie. Which policies, codes and legislation Sean refer to when challenging the exclusive practice with Kira- Diversity, inclusion, equality, discrimination act but most of all every child matters Sean will support this group in future weeks. How can he ensure that Jamie is included? He could research more about the condition that Jamie has, to be able to have more knowledge and help improve his support towards him. He could help plan the lesson with activities that Jamie could be involved with. Also giving Jamie a voice and asking him what activities he is able to do or how they can change them. Educate the other children about cerebral palsy so they can help Jamie out. Describe how inclusion works in your own sector of the children’s workforce All staff who work with children must all have a common understanding of values and principles of inclusion. The way that these are put into practice will be different with each role within education and care of the children. The Early Years Foundation and National Curriculum give us clear guidance on an inclusive approach to learning and assessment. ‘Providers have a responsibility to promote positive attitudes to diversity and difference, so that every child is included and not disadvantaged’ This is a statement from Early Years foundation Stage about the duty of settings to meet the needs of all children in relation to their learning and development. The National Curriculum Inclusion statement states that schools must apply a whole- school method to both the national and wider curriculum and that school’s must: * Provide a curriculum which ensures active participation and achievement of all pupils * Recognise pupils entitlement to high- quality learning experiences * Meet the needs and interest of all pupils  * Recognise and overcome potential barriers to learning and assessment

Business marketing assignment (Starbucks) Essay

Business marketing assignment (Starbucks) - Essay Example Several terrorist groups are targeting the customers of Starbucks Cafe in order to achieve their political goals and demands. For example, terrorist attack in Africa and Middle East took the lives of several in-store customers. These kinds of terrorist activities have negative effect on the business operation of Starbucks. The impact is affecting the overall sales and profit of the organization. Starbucks are selecting politically stable countries for their business operation. This strategy will help the organization to maximize business growth and market share. Recent financial crisis and global economic recession has reduced the purchasing power of people. Low disposable income, increasing unemployment rate, high interest rate and low per capita income reduced the consumption activities of people. Costa Coffee, JD Wetherspoon and McDonalds are the potential competitors of Starbucks. These competitors implemented competitive pricing strategy in order to achieve potential competitive advantages. Low pricing strategy of the competitors is affecting the business performance of Starbucks. The organization is one of the leading employers around the globe. Starbucks has developed ample job opportunities for the job seeking applicants in their coffee shops. This organizational process is helping in economic development and employment opportunities. Moreover, the organization has developed respectable and better social hubs where the people can visit with their friends and relatives. Effective workplace diversity motivates the employees to perform significantly. The organization promoted valuable respect and diversity leading to effective social lifestyle and significant internal stakeholders’ contentment. Starbucks is capitalizing on the potential opportunities that developed due to the implementation of advanced technology. Phone applications, Starbucks cards and payment through online eased the business functions of

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It Assignment

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It - Assignment Example Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It The primary emphasis has been allocated towards broadening the perspective of the acquiring company along with facilitating the company with the need for including non-financial components in the analysis such as meetings with IT system, manufacturing, distribution and marketing. It would further assist the acquiring company to have a proper understanding of the implications of the post integration needs as well as outcomes. Essentially, the prime focus has been placed on drawing out means and solutions for successful acquisition deal. Furthermore, the efforts have been concentrated on the transition along with identifying the ways to enhance cooperation between the two companies and working out the acquisition issues and concerns. With respect to the case, it has been recommended that the acquiring company should operate as a separate business as far as the integration of IT system is concerned. This is due to the reason that the analysis of the IT system in both the companies revea led that both the companies have different IT settings which make it harder for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system efficiently. Furthermore, it would require a lot of expenditure for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system. The integration of IT system will also be time consuming which will hinder the overall operations of both business organizations. Thus, it would be appropriate for the acquiring company to operate as a separate business entity in order to eliminate any possible hindrances arising due to the integration of IT system (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). With respect to the aspect manufacturing, it is suggested that the acquiring company should merge its all functionality as both the companies are engaged in manufacturing similar products and have similar product line. It has been ascertained from the secondary research conducted about both the companies related with the products that they manufactured. Additionally, merging its all the functionality wi ll enable the acquiring company to meet the requirements of its customers without any changes in the product line and without any additional costs as both the companies are engaged in the manufacturing of similar kinds of products. It will further facilitate the acquiring company to engage in mass production of products as well as integration of machinery. Moreover, it will reduce the costs associated with the manufacturing of products thereby promoting economies of scale for the acquiring company. It will also facilitate in acquiring trained employees and expertise with minimum cost and expenditure followed by increasing operational efficiencies. This will also reduce the hiring costs associated with the recruitment of new employees. Correspondingly, merging all the functional units of the acquiring company will unarguably enable both the companies to eliminate any possible flaws in their production and manufacturing process (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). In relation to distribution, i t is recommended after conducting secondary research that the acquiring company should merge nothing. It is due to the reason that the fleet of trucks owned by the soft candy company was not refrigerated and this fleet of trucks could not be used during the hot temperature months for distributing candies and cookies which contained chocolates. This

The Dell Company E-Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Dell Company E-Business - Essay Example In order to analyse the organization of Dell Company, its micro environment need to be evaluated with the help of Porter’s five Forces. It is one of the most recognised analytical tools utilised in maximum organizations among others. Bargaining power of the Suppliers: the bargaining power of the suppliers is extremely high and so the organization of Dell Company had to communicate with varied suppliers in order to attain the raw materials.Bargaining power of the buyers: the bargaining power of the buyers is also quite high in this segment due to the presence of numerous competitors such as IBM, Apple Inc, Acer etc. As a result, the level of switch over costs of the customers is also extremely high that may hinder the growth and dominance of the organization of Dell in the market to a considerable extent. Therefore, in order to retain the level of sustainability and supremacy in the market, the organization of Dell desired to offer inventive products and services to its custome rs. This might increase the loyalty and consistency of the organization in the market among many others. Threat of new entrants: the threat of new entrants is also quite high in this sector due to effective government policies and lower economies of scale. Due to which, the organization of Dell had to offer high concentration over research and development. This might prove effective in developing newly inventive product lines so as to attract a wide range of customers towards the brand that may enhance its profitability.

Visual Response & Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Visual Response & - Essay Example the society was confined in following the social dogma without asking questions, many a things were considered taboo and they were supposed to remain so. The poem Howl is a poem that was screaming out in protest against a destructive and abusive society but the that is not how the society saw it then and for this the publisher and distributor of the book was arrested and charged with distribution of explicit and obscene material though they were pardoned after the poet Mark Schorer testified that â€Å"Ginsberg uses the rhythms of ordinary speech and diction and I would say that the poem uses necessarily the language of vulgarity.† From a glance Howl may appear as a random jumble of words or mere vomit on a page and that is what critics had done before but it can be seen the poet’s crazy rush is delicately controlled. The poet seems to be in a rush, the whole poem is tedious, and tiring to read yet it remains bearable. The whole poem expresses the need to break away from tradition. It does not keep the traditional meter and rhythm of a poem it is more of stream of consciousness writing and in this way, the poet was able to bring out his themes. Freedom is one of the things that the poet cries out for, He talks about personal freedom as well as freedom for the masses. The conformist society wants things done as per tradition. The poet talks from a homosexuals point of view and freely uses words that the society finds obscene and vulgar. The poet and his friends do a lot of travelling and one of the ways of breaking loose is by travelling. The mention of Moloch reminds the reader of the god of prisons governments and boring suburbia Madness is also a prominent theme in the poem. The title of the poem is Howl. Its more common for animals to howl than for human to do s. the opening of Howl starts by saying â€Å"I saw the very best of minds of my generation destroyed by madness, starving hysterical nakedness.† In the poem, the people who society consider normal the

Team Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Team Leadership - Assignment Example Harnessing these and getting them to work in tandem is the most difficult thing as it involves convincing people to forego their differences for the good of the company. Not everyone can do this, and this is the reason why companies have different positions, which mandate occupants to mobilize those under them. Those assuming these positions are referred to as team leaders, team leaders are mandated with the responsibility of mobilizing team members. They should also work towards a defined goal which may be either the company’s goal or a means to a company goal. Team leadership, on the other hand, is not about an individual it is about a process, a process which can be led by either one of the team members or can also be led from the outside. In fact, there are four potential sources of team leadership; formal internal leadership, formal external leadership, informal internal leadership and informal external leadership. This brief insight into team relations and team leadership is important in evaluating the various problems facing Global-tech Company where I happen to work. In the past few months, there have been continuous wrangles within the company teams. This is alarming as the effects of these misunderstandings will soon spill over to the company performance. This is worrying because business has been exemplary given the ensuing economic conditions. The ones active and very motivated teams have slowed down and their morale has taken a dip; differences have emerged on what is wrong and what is right in regard to culture and communication. There are also technical differences like utilization of technological equipment. Well and beyond these challenges employees have also become selfish and all these challenges have made it impossible for people to relate well.

Economic Indicators Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic Indicators Paper - Essay Example forms at a level below full employment then monetary and fiscal policy renders a positive impact by increasing employment rather than simply causing inflation or directing the resources towards inefficient use in order to create jobs. Th paper studies the automobile industry with the help of the six economic indicators – real GDP, Unemployment rate, Inflation rate measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), Auto Sales, Foreign Exchange Rate and Oil and Fuel Prices. The study focusses essentially on the inflation rate which in turn affects the other indicators as well as the industry and a whole. Real GDP: This is the measure of the total output produced during a specific time period within a certain territory. This is measured at constant prices in order to adjust for the inflation rate. This helps in estimaitng the size of the economy with ajdustment in prices and inflation rates. Unemployment rate: We consider the status of unemployment for a particular individual when he or she is eager to work but is without work. The percentage of the potential labor force who are unemployment is estimated as the unemployment rate. Unemployment is often related to the recessionary phase of an economy or a business cycle. As production falls during recession, in order to cut he cost, labour is retrenched and a sudden unemployment might arise. Inflation rate: This refers to the rate of increase in a certain price index. Usually Consumer Price Index is used to reflect inflation. This is defined as the percentage change in price. level over a certain time period. Conversely, inflation rate is also the decrease in purchasing power of money. With increase in prices purchasing power falls, money supply in the economy rises while the supply or production falls. The automobile industry played an important role in the 1920s when the US economy grew at an accelerated rate creating more and more jobs and income. In the late 1980s, with the increase in competition with the foreign

Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Theory - Essay Example Both aspects being significance to business; however, the real benefit lies in what is named as combination of both entitled the strategy (Porter, 1996). Strategy can be defined as the due combination of the above and other factors facilitating business to remain distinguished from the competitors. Core of the successful strategy is capability of doing things with unique distinctions. Moreover, strategies have to be guiding paths with strong unique features, locking systems that keep rivals off and forcing competitors to trade-off for imitation. Any strategy to generate success has to posses these features (Porter, 1996). Intense literature have been developed covering various theories for strategy making. Among aspects include theories that guide path to the successful strategy development as well as implementation. Hence, underlying discussion is assessment of the two widely used theories. GARBAGE CAN THEORY Cohen, March, and Olsen (1972) in 1972 established that decision making in an organization can also be organized anarchies as theory of Garbage Can. The theory of Garbage Can explores the decision making in an organization. As not all of the decisions made in the organizations are successful; therefore, the theory of Garbage Can model is an important contribution towards the anomalies affecting decision making. The Main Idea The core idea forming the garbage can theory states the reason for the uncertainties in organizational decision making. These uncertainties are referred as organized anarchies. Theory cites three reasons for organized anarchies in decision making of organization that are as follow (Padgett, 1980): Preferences considered for the decision making are problematic in themselves. Therefore, unclear preference does not allow firm to opt for the preference that may not possess rationale to generate best and most suited result for the organization in the given situation. Technology employed and used for decision making is not well understood c ausing inability to generate the due responses. Technological advancement and respective adaptability does not only refer to the technical adoption. Technological adaption requires understanding the due course of using technology in the best interest of the person in general and business in specific. Positions in the organizational hierarchy face higher level of turnover. Change in person is accompanied by the change in methodologies, perceptions as well as energy and effort contribution of similar person also varies. Therefore, consistently changing decision maker dilutes the type and level of participation from decision maker as well as those that will be affected by decisions. Hence, problems in the organization are solved in a manner that can be simply defined as the hap-hazard manner where each problem, choices and participants flow in and out of the garbage-can. Therefore such decision makings will though solve the problem but can be defined as the rationale solution. The Gene ral Strengths and Weaknesses Garbage can theory is important for its role in describing characteristics of organization decision making in any portion of time. Organizations even while solving a clearly defined problem with clear problem solving structure pass through various choices that would have been applied in case the situation of the problem had some other assumed characteristics. Hence, in selecting the strategic choice

Construction Industry Book Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Construction Industry Book - Article Example Starting with the verification of existing conditions in chapter 2, the book continues to discuss on the merits and proper use of concrete being the major construction material, followed by discussion on aspects of masonry. The author provides guidelines towards use of metals such as iron, steel, aluminum and non-metals such as wood, plastic material in the construction projects. The book further discusses on thermal and moisture protection techniques along with required ventilation, as well as HVAC and heating parameters. The book provides details on the finishing aspect of construction projects, up to the last minute requirement of furnishings, with emphasis on utilities including the electric work.(Simmons, 2001) This book is a complete academic guide for all students of civil, electrical and air-conditioning engineers, as it explains the minute details in an absorbing manner for any fresh student. The book can be helpful for all those who are concerned with construction projects as it can help them to prepare the project charter from the concept or design level, up to the level of complete project handover. Although this book is a lengthy guide, the individual chapters would be useful for different professionals according to their job requirements. For example, civil engineers will find useful details in chapters on concrete and other building materials. Similarly, electrical engineers would benefit from going through chapter on utilities and electric works, while heating, humidity control and air-conditioning experts can find interesting details from the chapter dedicated to these principles. Simmons. L. H, (2001) Construction: principles, materials and methods .google books Retrieved from:

Current And Future Use of Technology Essay Example for Free

Current And Future Use of Technology Essay Spotify has provided a way for people to access and share music with services such as exchange of selections and even mobile access. In the process of providing these services, the users’ data is acquired through initial registration and this helps categorize the market. The main target for Spotify is not registration of premium accounts without adverts but the free use by the public where adverts can be played in between songs. There are many issues handled by Spotify in the business including competition from existing online music selling companies like Sony and Apple, and challenges on fair artists’ royalties with restrictions by copyrights in some regions. The e business strategy is well established for Spotify as the company deals with music producing companies and companies who look for a way to advertise brands. The peer to peer technology used and the feature of listening to music even when offline together with a simple user interface are all technological advantages of Spotify that make it popular in the market. The future of Spotify is based on integration of the software into hand held processing devices like modern phones, and having a good relation with the sources of music. E-Business background Spotify’s business idea was to create a medium through which to provide advertisers with a way of reaching a traceable and response predictable market. By creating a digital library of a wide variety of music and an interface through which listeners can register and listen to music free, Spotify was able do just that. There are adverts pushed in between songs and last for between 15 and 30 seconds. The users that don’t want to get interference from the audio adverts can pay a monthly fee to stop them. The portion of listeners who pay this fee is so small compared to the free users, who form the main market idea for Spotify. The company has arrangement with the world’s major labels to provide their music and in return claim an 18% stake in the company. The integration of the music producing companies, the listeners and the advertisers forms the e-business model for Spotify. There is competition from similar companies like Last. fm, Amazon (which sells music online), my space and facebook; with the direct rival being Last. fm. Spotify and Last. fm have integrated their systems though and this form a way to create an entry hardship in an effort to protect high profit business and raise competition advantage for both companies to realize. Porters Five Forces model Spotify’s business faces the five forces from threats of substitute, barriers to entry, supply power, buyers power and rivalry (Porter 1985). There are various ways that it has put up strategies to deal with this. First, there is the presence of substitute firms like Last. com; Spotify has planned to sing a deal in merged operations with the company in order to increase the business opportunities for both sides. It was proposed that the advertisers/brands could then be able to buy advertising services across the platforms of the two companies (McCormick 2009). According to the nature of the platform on which the adverts are run, Spotify has created a medium where the message is streamline with the music being listened to. Apart from the major rival with whom Spotify agrees to merge business with, the brands will face a hard time looking for an alternative service of the kind. Thus the buyer’s power is low, considering that there are also many scattered brands to advertise through the electronic platform. Furthermore, the platform provides a way of major record labels availing their music to the users, making sure that brands can get the largest number of music fans at Spotify, which they cannot get from online music shops. On the suppliers’ power towards Spotify’s business, there are many music producing labels that offer a variety of music. Also, the fact that the buyers of the service are somewhat weak, the suppliers are also put in the same line; because advertisers has no much power over Spotify, they cannot demand of specific record labels. Since the entry of Spotify into the e-business, the key issue is to keep the prices offered virtually low in order to provide a barrier of entry of new competition. One strategy applied by firms to this effect is merging their markets and operations so that they can enjoy economies of scale and protect the high profit market from other entrants while keeping the quality of services high. This was a case possible from the Spotify’s deal with Last. fm. There is rivalry in the industry of e-business and marketing through electronic means has been applied by many companies. The industry is disciplined though, from previous competition, the methods of enticing the music fans and through ease of use of platforms by the market forming population. The application streams music with no buffering times and provides a very wide variety of ready to listen categories of songs; from major record labels. The fact that the market for Spotify seems to be exponentially growing means that soon the buyers will be so many and so their power will go down, providing a business advantage for the company ( ). E-Marketing The internet is a unique marketing medium in that it provides a global market with instant response dynamism. The fact that when a product is advertised through the internet can reach millions of users within a short while is enough to make it a rich market. Spotify has its marketing strategy based on online access of adverts by the users in their endeavor to listen to music. Data and Market Analysis The strongest part of Spotify registration of users is that it takes the demographic data so that the company is in a position to provide marketing strategies to advertisers based on age, location and music taste. The ability to analyze and classify a market is important to advertisers, especially when it involves technical goods and services. Promotion and mobile services The introduction of the mobile version of Spotify software has helped in a far reaching marketing strategy. The whole issue has been in news for sometime and major discussion blogs and websites like BBC NEWS, leading to less costly promotion effect in Europe. The market in Spotify is really the online internet resource as well as the users PC’s and portable mobile Activities Spotify engages in various activities that are geared towards having a wide base of users so that it can reach more people when targeting an audience for an advert. These activities include; invite scheme, tell a friend and viral advertising. The â€Å"invite scheme† is where the newly registered and the existing members are given an opportunity to invite friends and family to experience Spotify while still promoting the premium membership. The â€Å"tell a friend† activity involves a Spotify inbuilt tool to spread word of mouth. This is a strategy to use the existing users to get the message to their friends using the already existing internet framework. The other one is viral advertising where the medium mainly used is social networking frameworks like facebook. The most visited WebPages are targeted and a multimedia message displayed. Web-design Spotify has created a peer to peer application that streams music between the listeners computer, whether online or offline. Spotify has a service to which clients connect and have the contents of the cache summarized in an index which is then sent to Spotify’s stream hub. The data in the index is usually used to alert other users of the additional peers they can connect to, to fetch streamed data for specific songs being played. This arrangement is enabled and tolerated by each upon start up. Each client listen to incoming connections from other Spotify clients like a server and connects to other users to exchange cached data. The users are actually not in apposition to configure the connections or alter the bandwidth of transmission of data. These settings are hard coded in the system. The design of the entire architecture may be complicated but the interface used by the listeners is so simple and effective. There are just few controls of play, rewind and forward. The Spotify application offers the following features to the users; Catalogue: Spotify offers users access to millions of music tracks including songs from major music labels. Some specific music from some artists may not be available due to boundary regulations in the copyright. Playlists: it allows users to create collections of favorite music and lets them share them. The users can also edit the playlists with other users together through collaborating software. For this purpose, the playlists can be shared through an email or instant messaging window. On accessing the link, the data gets downloaded into Spotify. Integration with Last. fm: the specific feature from last. fm is the ability to collect the users’ preference in music and store it into Last. fm’s database. This has been integrated into Spotify without requiring external plug-ins (Spotify Archives 2010). Radio feature: this creates random playlists of songs related to the music of the currently selected artist. Spotify has a simple to use interface that allows the user to search for music by artist, album or title. It displays the user chosen playlist and some advert image, which on clicking, one can explore the promotion (Spotify Forums 2010). Business-to-Business (B2B) Spotify has introduced the music service to the listeners and charge a certain rate for ad free music. However, it does not rely on this for its source of revenue. It largely relies on the free service where the listeners will have to bear with the adverts. At this point, it does business with other firms that want to advertise their brands to the listeners. The main target for business is therefore dealing with other companies that want to reach the audience. On the same platform, there is collaboration with major record labels where they claim a certain percentage stake in the company and in turn provide their music libraries to Spotify (Nylander 2009). Spotify focuses on doing business with other businesses in its plans. It has tailored it product for mobile phones and approached the mobile phone making companies like apple in an effort to do business with them (Emerald). This is a direct challenge to Apple’s iTunes though and touches on the competition end. Mobile Commerce Spotify has produced a mobile version of the application that can allow users with premium accounts to access and listen to music wherever they go. It also allows the users to download a certain number of songs on to the phone for listening while out of network range. Mobile business seems to be the future of IT marketing, especially with the progress and expectations of pervasive mobile programming. By considering the mobile version of the application to target the users on the move and virtually at all instances of life, Spotify has provided a wider more reaching market for its business. Given that all the mobile users will have to be premium users, the focus of mobile versions will be to create a customer base where the services will be like a contract between Spotify and the user (Ionescu 2009). This eliminates the advertisers from the picture and allows Spotify to compete with earlier established businesses on the same line like Apple, while still spreading the risk. Instead of relying on the advertising source alone, the company can now create a one to one relation with the music fans through their premium accounts. Conclusions It is a good business plan for Spotify to create such a huge market base by having so many users registered, both free and premium categories. The plan of pushing adverts into streamed music provides an excellent way of gaining the revenue from brands. On the mobile world, it provides a good way of reaching a wider market and a premium account for the mobile is a plus on the revenue. This was a wise decision considering the processing power of phones cannot be compared to that of PC’s. The strategy of extending into the mobile world was a good way of preparing for the future of IT with the trends in pervasive mobile programming. Mobile marketing will form an even wider market considering the more frequent use and an extension of the PC use after work hours. Recommendations The competition in the market is high and Spotify will have to deal with some issues, especially with the application interface and specifically the technology on the size of bandwidth among other resource utilized on users machines. Criticism is usually on the fact that the interface does not give a user the access to control the amount of resources like bandwidth that Spotify uses against other systems on the same machine. The issue of coming up with a way of establishing the classification of music sources with their effect on the market using the users data to determine the ratings would be an important thing to indulge in, in order to establishing a fair royalties to the artists in order to keep everyone happy and the future of Spotify bright (BBC News 2010). More concentration on helping the production teams with useful demographic and ratings information will give the company a strong relationship with the source of music, the medium they use to make money. References BBC News, (2010) ‘Spotify boss Daniel Ek sets out future plans’, [Online], Available: http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/8478599. stm Porter M. (1998) ‘Competitive strategy: techniques for analyzing industries and competitors’, Free Press, ISBN 0684005778, 9780684005775. McCormick, A. (2009) ‘Spotify and Last. fm moot partnership’, Britannica article; Revolution (14605953) [Online], Available: http://www. britannica. com/bps/additionalcontent/18/38216709/Spotify-and-Lastfm-moot-partnership Ionescu D. , Nov 23, 2009, Spotify Lands App for Symbian Phones, [emailprotected], [Online], Available: http://www. pcworld. com/article/182833/spotify_lands_app_for_symbian_phones. html Robert Andrews, 2009, Apple Approves Spotify’s iPhone App, web article on Paid Content: UK, [Online], Available: http://paidcontent. co. uk/article/419-spotify-says-apple-still-testing-iphone-app-spotify-vanishes-from-app-s/ Emerald, Current CITE-ings from the popular and trade computing press, Library Hi Tech News, Volume 26, Issue 9, [Online], Available: http://www. emeraldinsight. com. ezproxy. cqu. edu. au/Insight/ViewContentServlet? contentType=NonArticleFilename=Published/NonArticle/Articles/23926iae. 001. html Spotify Archives (2010) ‘Spotify for iPhone v0. 4 now available’, [Online], Available: http://www. spotify. com/int/blog/archives/2010/03/31/iphone-v4/ Johan Nylander, Record labels part owner of Spotify, from The Swedish Wire, Published Friday, 07 August 2009, [Online], Available: http://www. swedishwire. com/business/680-record-labels-part-owner-of-spotify Spotify Forums, What is Spotify? Why choose Spotify? How much advertising? [Online], Available: http://www. spotify-forum. com/what_is_spotify. php

Values of Nursing, Person, Health, and Environment

Values of Nursing, Person, Health, and Environment The values of nursing are acquired during socialization into nursing code of ethics, nursing experience, teachers and peers. Watson (1982, pp 20-21) outlined four important values of nursing; strong commitment to service, belief in the dignity and worth of each person, commitment to education and professional autonomy. Nursing education, concepts and programs for improving the knowledge in health facility are provided to maintain moral, theoretical and clinical values in the health setting Socalsy, 2008). The personal values of a person depends on the richness or intensity of the inculcation of knowledge, positive values and skills not simply based on the innate capacity of one to evaluate, think, reason and interact in a learning situation but the availability moral standards. It also equally depends on the quality of personal experiences which are either limited by the persons ability and will to choose or by what is desirable to her which is readily accessible in the environment (Craney, 2008). Health is valued automatically by an individual regardless of the existence of other personal priorities and values. People value health as important priority despite other things. Health considered as a good individual experience (Socalsy, 2008). Environmental Values is concerned mainly with the justification and basis of policy regarding the environmental. Its objective is to bring together the law, philosophy, economics contributions, which can be relate to the current and future of human environment and other living things; and to clearly understand the relationship between more fundamental underlying assumptions or assumptions and practical policy issues (Craney, 2008). Describe how teaching/learning best occurs? Compare the various levels of  nursing education? (LPN, ADN, BSN, MSN) The key to successful knowledge development is competent learning and effective communication during the practice to achieve the goal of competency. This will determine the path of being an effective and competent nursing professional. This is where the teaching and learning best occurs (Aikon, 2009). Approved practical or vocational nursing programs (LPN) are provided by community colleges, vocational schools, hospitals, or other independent health agencies. These programs usually last 9 or 12 month and provide both classroom and clinical experiences. License Practical nurse practices under the supervision of a registered nurse in a nursing home, clinics, hospital or rehabilitation. Taeching best occurs in this level through formal classroom instruction, students learned by doing, that is, providing care to clients in hospitals. Associate degree programs (AND) are offered in the Unted States primarily in community colleges although some 4-year colleges also have AND programs. The graduating student receives an AND or an associate of arts (AA) or associate in applied science (AAS0 degree with a major in nursing. Learning best occurs in through provision of specific information about type of knowledge, skills, and abilities of ADNs education program. ADNs currently function under t he same practice acts as BSN graduates. Todays baccalaureate nursing programs (BSN) are located in 4-year colleges and universities and are 4 to 5 years in length. The curricula offer courses in the liberal arts, sciences, humanities and nursing. Graduates must fulfill both the degree requirements of the schools or universities and the nursing program before being awarded a baccalaureate degree (Silber, 2003). The BSN program meet the learning needs of students through challenges and opportunity to pursue a self-paced, independent study or online programs. Masters degree program (MSN) provides specialized knowledge and skills that enable nurses to assume advanced roles in practice, education, administration and research. Todays masters program generally takes one and half to two years to complete. Learning best occurs in MSN program through provision of specialized knowledge and skills that enable student to have an advanced knowledge in practice (Aikon, 2009). Overview of what shou ld be some expected teaching knowledge, skills, and abilities. Name three goals for the first year of teaching? Nurses are expected to possess leadership skills, critical thinking ability, health promotion and case management skills in teaching. Their ability to be competitive in teaching satisfies a variety of learning. This improves knowledge as well as educational requirement, nursing practice and patient outcomes (Giovanetti, 2007). They provide sufficient information that will aid policymakers, practice leaders and researchers to recognize that entry level education makes a difference in nurses practice. Nurses should make them aware of every situation happening in the field and make it a motivational means to improve the profession by proper preparation and education. Possession of knowledge and competency in teaching interventions which can be acquired in hands on training is essential in practicing the profession (Silber, 2003). Goals for the first year of teaching includes; embracing of personal ethic of social responsibility and service, apply new knowledge of sciences, understand the role of primary care and continue to learn and help others (Aikon, 2009). References Aikon, U.H. (2009). Nursing Education.Journal of Nursing Administration, 88(5), 221-228. Silber, J.H. (2003). Educational levels of nurses,Journal of the American Medical  Association, 270, 118-125. Giovanetti, P. (2007). Teaching and Learning Nursing Skills. Nursing Research,  59(1), 84-90 Socalsy, J.J. (2008). Nursing Values.New York: Health Services Research. Craney, L.A. (2008). Values and Ethics. London: Prentice Hall

Examining The Friendship Of A Single Soul English Literature Essay

Examining The Friendship Of A Single Soul English Literature Essay To the query, what is a friend? Aristotles response was a single soul dwelling in two bodies.' These friends are the ones who most likely know us better than we know ourselves, and whose names are forever branded on our heart (Parrott Parrott, 1998). Consider for a moment, which of these people are in your life; your friendship with them didnt happen in the blink of an eye. Over time we gradually begin to let these people see who we really are, and our friendship begins to grow into something memorable. Friends are what have enriched my life. Oh, I have loved my family, but its not the same. Friends have brought me more of the world; theyve added spice and variety (Apter Josselson, 1998). We are born into our family, but one amazing thing about our life is that we have the ability to choose our friends. There are some common characteristics that span across all types of friendships: rules shape the friendship, can last a lifetime and typically consist of people in the same age rang e (Floyd, 2009). How are cross-sex friendships similar to same-sex friendships? How are they different? Using major motion pictures that depict this remarkable bond between friends, we realize the qualities these friendships possess that make them similar and yet how different they really are. Similarities Notice that when Aristotle was asked, what is a friend? he didnt respond a single soul dwelling in two female bodies, or two male bodies, or even a male and a female body, its a single soul in two bodies. Friendship has no limits; there is no rule that says we can or cannot have friends of the same or opposite sex. Regardless of how many friends we have, same-sex or cross-sex, they all share the same purpose. Each and every relationship provides comfort during difficult times, outlets for expression of fear, feelings and fantasies, companionship, acceptance, and greater self-knowledge (Monsour, 2002). In the movie The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, Bridget, Tibby, Lena, and Carmen define friendship as it occurs between girls/women. We were there for the things we couldnt face alone, or the ones we didnt want to face at all. Together, it was as if we formed one single, complete person (Ephron Brashares, 2005). Despite the obstacles that the girls face, their love and support for each other keeps their friendship strong. We know now that no matter how far we traveled on our own separate paths, somehow we would always find our way back to each other; and with that, we could get through anything. To us, who we were, who we are, and who well be. To the sisterhood, this moment, and the rest of our lives together and apart (Ephron Brashares, 2005). Although the girls have their own obstacles to deal with, they overcome them individually because of the unique bond that is their friendship. Likewise, the movie 8 Seconds tells the incredible true story of World Champion Bull Rider Lane Frost. The film not only documents Lanes rise to fame, but also displays Lanes friendship with fellow bull riders, Tuff Hedeman and Cody Lambert. Some people believe that men are incapable of having intimate friendships like women with other men (Derlega, 1992). Floyd (2009) states that equal levels of closeness are apparent in same-sex friendships regardless of sex. While doing an interview with George Michael, Lane says this about friend and fellow rider, Tuff Hedeman: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦me and my traveling partner Tuff Hedeman have been trading places all year. Sometimes hes in first, next week Im in first. If he wins, Ill be so happy for him, Ill forget about myself losing (Merrick, 1994). Lane, Tuff, and Cody arent just traveling buddies; they support each other no matter what, despite the fact that they compete against each other. After Lanes tragic death in 1989, Tuff realized how much Lane believed in him, and how amazing the friendship truly was. Back in the spring, Lane said, this is your year. that Id win the championship; [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] now its only a week away and I really think that I got a chance. I never had anybody believe that much in me (Merrick, 1994). Tuff Hedeman won the World Championship that year, just as Lane had predicted, and Tuff rode an extra eight seconds in memory of Lane. Harry Burns and Sally Albright are two iconic best friends. Harry: The first time we met, we hated each other [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] the third time we met, we became friends. Sally: We were friends for a long time (Ephron N. , 1989). Can men and women be friends, without sex getting in the way? This question was presented in the 1989 movie, When Harry Met Sally. Despite the fact that Harry and Sally end up together at the conclusion of the film, the friendship they have is more than that of any ordinary couple involved in a sexual relationship. Making a cross-gender relationship work does not solely depend on recognizing our differences. Its a matter of appreciating those differences as well (Parrott Parrott, 1998). Harry and Sally have a friendship very similar to what two women or two men might have; they are each others confidantes, support systems, and are committed to making their friendship work. After looking at three different films depicting friendships, the similarities between same-sex (female), same-sex (male), and cross-sex friendships become apparent. The social support given by same-sex friends can also be observed in cross-sex friendships (Monsour, 2002). Samuel Taylor Coleridge said, friendship is a sheltering tree, regardless of sex, it is obvious that all of these friendships are exactly that; a sheltering tree for everyone involved in the friendship. Differences We cant just look at the similarities between friendships, because lets face it, men and women are very different. The basic rules of friendship are similar, but the way we go about accomplishing them isnt always the same. Migliaccio (2009) says that a mans friendship is more than simply a product of being a man [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] the form of intimacy men experience is called closeness in the doing, also known as shared activity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦women and men value different aspects of their respective friendships, women place greater emphasis on conversational and emotional expressiveness, whereas mens friendships focus on shared activities and interests (Floyd, 2009). A stereotypical girls night might consist of dinner, some drinks, and conversations about friends, love, life, and the future. On the other hand, a guys night could be a game of poker or a night at the gym playing a pick-up game of basketball. Within female friendship we satisfy our psychological hunger to explore different thoughts and feelings [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] they build one anothers confidence or tear it down (Apter Josselson, 1998). Despite having to spend the summer away from each other, the girls in The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants keep their friendship strong by writing letters to each other as if they were still together. In a letter that Lena writes Carmen, she expresses how afraid she actually is to fall in love. Hes right, Car. I am afraid. Theres a part of me that wants to let him in but then I feel myself put this wall up and I dont understand why. Maybe thats what strikes me most about Kostas: that despite everything hes suffered he can still look at life in the most uncomplicated way. Ive never known that kind of faith. It makes me so sad that people like Kostas and Bridget who have lost everything can still be open to lovewhile I, who have lost nothing, am not. (Ephron Brashares, 2005) Bridget, Tibby, Lena, and Carmen are able to express their emotions, fears, and feelings through a letter and a pair of secondhand jeans. Wear them, theyll make you brave (Ephron Brashares, 2005). The psychological hunger to examine ones ambitions, and emotions is satisfied by female friendships, there is no need to perform femininity such as men perform masculinity in their friendships. A womans friendship inevitably shapes and changes who the woman is (Apter Josselson, 1998). Unlike women, men stereotypically dont share all the intimate details that go on in their lives. As stated earlier, men generally emphasize the activities and interests they share with their friends. Lane Frost, Tuff Hedeman, and Cody Lambert, obviously have a friendship consisting of shared activity. First of all, they compete together in bull riding competitions; and when they arent, they spend their nights out at the bars shooting a game of pool. Although the guys still support each other, the emotional connection that typically is apparent with women is sometimes nonexistent. After a bull steps on Lanes groin, Tuff tells Lane he needs to cowboy up, Ive got two words for you Lane, Cowboy Up (Merrick, 1994). The idea that masculinity is a major part in friendships between two or more men is evident in 8 Seconds. The interaction between male friends is not simply because we are men, but a part of performing masculinity in society (Migliaccio, 2009). Lane, Tuff, and Cody, perform mas culinity by expressing boldness, strength, and resiliency. Its guts and love and glory, one mortals chance at fame. His legacy is rodeo, and cowboy is his name (Merrick, 1994). When Harry met Sally, a life long friendship began. The obvious difference in their friendship was the exact thing Sally denied sex, and eventually love. At the end of the film, Harry races to meet Sally in order to tell her exactly how he feels: I love that you get cold when its 71 degrees out. I love that it takes you an hour and a half to order a sandwich. I love that you get a little crinkle above your nose when youre looking at me like Im nuts. I love that after I spend the day with you, I can still smell your perfume on my clothes. And I love that you are the last person I want to talk to before I go to sleep at night (Ephron N. , 1989). One substantial difference between same-sex friends and cross-sex friends is the possibility for two cross-sex friends to fall in love. Another is that cross-sex friends are able to encourage the opposite sex friend to engage in opportunities that are usually associated with the opposed gender; such as men engaging in emotional expressions and women participating in shared activity (Floyd, 2009). Conclusion Quoting Frederick Buechner, Friends are people you make part of your life just because you feel like it. Basically your friends are not your friends for any particular reason. They are your friends for no particular reason. No one has the power to choose our friends except us, therefore it doesnt matter what sex our friends are. After viewing three movies where different types of friendships are exhibited, the similarities and differences between each type of friendship is very distinct. These distinct qualities that make our friendships alike or not, have the power to change the roles of our friends. Who are your best friends? Does it matter what their sex is?

Merchant Of Venice :: Free Merchant of Venice Essays

The Storytellers in The Merchant of Venice In this play two characters have a bigger role than one might imagine. Salerio and Solanio are the storytellers in The Merchant of Venice. They fill in important information that the audience needs to full understand the play. First, the two names differ by only a few letters, they are so close that one might confuse the two and think that they are the same person. I feel that this is Shakespeare's intention in this play. He makes the two similar so that they are not very important to the plot of the play. At the same time they are two different people, not just a narrator. I feel that Shakespeare does this so that he can have the two characters speaking to each other. It is through their, Salerio and Solanio, interactions that the audience learns important information to the plot of the play. At the opening of the play three characters are on stage, Antonio, Salerio, and Solanio. Through the dialogue, Salerio informs the audience of Antonio's ships: "Your mind is tossing on the ocean/There where your argosies [ i.e., great merchant ships] with portly [i.e., stately] sail (I.i. 8-9). While in the same scene Solanio helps the audience establish that Antonio has no major love interest: "Why then you are in love," to which Antonio replies, "Fie, fie!" (I.i. 46-47). Through their conversations, the two have given the audience a basis for the play: that Antonio is a merchant and that he is not concerned about being in love. An entire scene (viii) in Act II is given completely to a conversation between Solanio and Salerio. Here they tell of many events that have happened: Bassanio's ship setting off and Gratiano going with him; Shylock's reaction to Jessica and his ducats being gone; a Venetian ship that is wrecked in the English Channel; and also the parting between Antonio and Bassanio. Here, through the conversation of Solanio and Salerio the audience is told what has happened. Thus they have only one way to obtain the information. They all have the same thoughts about what has happened since they did not see the scenes and were only told about them. Solanio and Salerio are the storytellers in the play but they are only used for about two thirds of the play. The scene that either one of them is in is scene ii of Act III.

Social Status and Feminism in The Great Gatsby Essay -- Feminism Femin

F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby may appear to be a simple tragic romance; however, within the text, Fitzgerald identifies and defines social gaps and importance of wealth. He also presents women within a very separate space as the men. The Great Gatsby allows the reader to enter into the world of wealth and experience the joys and tragedies of being within this certain class as well as allowing the reader to interpret the position of gender inside the class. "Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,' he [my father] told me, "just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had" (Gatsby 1). This quote was possibly the backbone of the narrator's actions and character. Through out the novel, the characters that he came into contact with were immediately associated with their money and their association with their given level of wealth. The irony of this opening line is that the poor, or less wealthy, were never really even seen by the narrator. The only people that the narrator saw, according to the reader, are the more wealthy and upper class that were associated with Gatsby's parties. What is even more ironic than the overall absence of the lower classes within the novel is where this neglected level of wealth actually did become part of the novel. Ironically, the only character that lower wealth was associated with was Gatsby. In his past, he was of lower class, but in the actual time when the novel was written, Gatsby was not only representative of wealth, but he seemed to have had the most wealth of all the characters. He was the most prestigious when compared to all of the other characters, yet was the only to have the absence of money in his past. The quote in the p... ...lar practices and thoughts, or he completely redefined them. By doing so, the novel takes on a new identity separate from its tragic romantic cover. Social status and feminism tower over the lost and found love that encompasses this novel.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bewley, Marius. â€Å"Scott Fitzgerald’s Criticism of America.† In Modern Critical Interpretations: The Great Gatsby. edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. 1986. 11-27. Fetterley, Judith. The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1978. Fryer, Sarah Beebe. Fitzgerald's New Women: Harbingers of Change. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research P, 1988. McAdams, Tony. â€Å"Ethics in Gatsby: An Examination of American Values.† In Readings on The Great Gatsby. edited by Katie de Koster. San Diego, California: Greenhaven Press. 1998. 111-120. Social Status and Feminism in The Great Gatsby Essay -- Feminism Femin F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby may appear to be a simple tragic romance; however, within the text, Fitzgerald identifies and defines social gaps and importance of wealth. He also presents women within a very separate space as the men. The Great Gatsby allows the reader to enter into the world of wealth and experience the joys and tragedies of being within this certain class as well as allowing the reader to interpret the position of gender inside the class. "Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,' he [my father] told me, "just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had" (Gatsby 1). This quote was possibly the backbone of the narrator's actions and character. Through out the novel, the characters that he came into contact with were immediately associated with their money and their association with their given level of wealth. The irony of this opening line is that the poor, or less wealthy, were never really even seen by the narrator. The only people that the narrator saw, according to the reader, are the more wealthy and upper class that were associated with Gatsby's parties. What is even more ironic than the overall absence of the lower classes within the novel is where this neglected level of wealth actually did become part of the novel. Ironically, the only character that lower wealth was associated with was Gatsby. In his past, he was of lower class, but in the actual time when the novel was written, Gatsby was not only representative of wealth, but he seemed to have had the most wealth of all the characters. He was the most prestigious when compared to all of the other characters, yet was the only to have the absence of money in his past. The quote in the p... ...lar practices and thoughts, or he completely redefined them. By doing so, the novel takes on a new identity separate from its tragic romantic cover. Social status and feminism tower over the lost and found love that encompasses this novel.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bewley, Marius. â€Å"Scott Fitzgerald’s Criticism of America.† In Modern Critical Interpretations: The Great Gatsby. edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. 1986. 11-27. Fetterley, Judith. The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1978. Fryer, Sarah Beebe. Fitzgerald's New Women: Harbingers of Change. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research P, 1988. McAdams, Tony. â€Å"Ethics in Gatsby: An Examination of American Values.† In Readings on The Great Gatsby. edited by Katie de Koster. San Diego, California: Greenhaven Press. 1998. 111-120.

Overcoming Bullying: King Essay Response Essay

​Bullying is a common problem effecting people ever. You can be bullied on any number of things; sexuality, style, opinion, and personality, just to name a few. Everyone deals with bullying in their own way. Some choose to ignore bullying and some choose to confront their bully head on. There are also some people who tell someone older and more experienced about their problems. Some of these methods are the right things to do, while others are not the advisable choice. I believe that everyone can come up with a suitable solution to this problem that benefits everyone involved. ​The easiest solution to this problem is to ignore the bully and hope that eventually the bully will grow bored and stop. This is not a very effective method for two fairly obvious reasons; one being that the bully may just come up with even more hurtful things to bombard you with, and the other being that if the bully chooses to leave you alone, he/she will just find a new victim to taunt, which doesn’t really solve any problems. ​The next best thing to do would be to inform an adult of what is going on and hope that they will be able to put a stop to hit. This is also not the most advisable method to stopping a bully because it will just anger the bully further. They will resent you for getting them into trouble. They might decide not to attack you in the sight of an adult but the bullying will grow worse when the two of you are alone. That doesn’t solve any problems and can in fact make things a lot worse. There is also a chance that the bully may bring some of their friends into the mix, so if caught him/her are not the one that stands accused of being a bully. ​The smartest action to take when putting a stop to bullying would be to confront the bully face to face. I’m not advising that anyone should fight because all violence does is cause problems. When being bullied I find that is best to discuss any issues with the bully so that matters can be straightened out and leave ever y party satisfied with the outcome. In some situations the bully may not realize that their actions are causing hurt feelings. When you confront the bully on these issues you show them how they are being hurtful so in the future they know not to say these things again. In other situations you may find that the bully is also being bullied by someone else and that in bullying you they are making themselves feel better about their situations. In  confronting them you discover this and that might prompt you to extend the hand of friendship, which would no doubt offer them moral support throughout their own difficult situation. ​Other people may feel like dealing with bullying in their own way. Some people find it easier to ignore the problem and hope that it goes away and others may think that bringing and adult into the situation will help solve the problem. Not every case of bullying is the same and not every method may be appropriate when dealing with certain cases of bullying. I believe that discussing your problems with the bully is the best solution and I try to do just that when I feel s though I am being picked on. Discussing a problem produces a solution beneficial to everyone and it is the step I recommend for anyone who is dealing with a bully. I hope that everyone will make this decision when confronting a bully, because it is the best way put an end to bullying. If everyone discusses the problems they are having with someone straight away violence wouldn’t be such a big issue, and I’m not just talking about violence between teenagers but violence between nations. If issues would be cleared up straight away there would be no need for violence and everyone could just get along. I believe that one day, if everyone discusses their problems and issues everyone will get along, putting an end to this unnecessary hurt. ​ ​​ ​​​​​​​​​​​

Diego Armando Maradona

cavorts admit an important role in plentys life. This is attri exactlyed to the fact that both the fly the coopers and auditory sense or spectators be fulfilled with the experiences of sport. Sport is activity that is controlled by sets of customs or rules that are unremarkably engaged in competitively. Sports are non only apply for social benefit or fun but also a expressive style that mess earn incomes. Famous shams such(prenominal) as Tiger Woods golf and the Williams sister in tennis lucubrates the influence that sports have in appreciating and been a form of income to the sportsmen.Thus, different people consecrate differently to the sport human race and oneness of them is Diego Armando Maradona who was a soccer player and currently a manager. Thus, the aim of this paper is to lose it the contribution of Maradona in the soccer origination and extrapolates it to the sport world (Maradona et al, 2005). Maradonas untimely life and family capability did not il lustrate the influence that he had on soccer and fraternity of sports. He was born on October 30, 1961, Buenos Aires in genus genus genus genus Argentina.Maradonas family was poor since the bread clearner the grow was a factory worker and bricklayer and by means of this job was providing for a family of nine ( basketball group girls, three boys and the wife). He (Maradona) used to dream of nice a soccer player and the family property did not deter his dreams. In fact, his cousin-german shaped his dream when he was prone a soccer ball for his ordinal birthday. At the age of nine, he was a good player in which he was recognized by piddling Onions coach. tiny Onions was the early days police squad of Argentinos Juniors (Maradona Website, 2009). When he was playing for the Little Onions, he lead the team to win a straight 140 risques and vie a study role for Little Onions in fetching the Junior rubric in 1972, whereby he was awarded by the team a number 10 jersey. amon gst 1976 and 1980, Maradona vie for Argentinos Juniors and he became a major boost for the team through and through winning games and increasing the spectators. In 1978 valet form, he missed slight the chance to play for his state.Nevertheless, in 1981 he transferred to Boca Juniors and contributed in the team winning the 1982 introductory league game and earning himself a winners medal (Maradona et al, 2005). Maradona contributed a mountain in the victor of the Argentina internal football team Albicelestes through the engagement of four true FIFA earth Cup tourneys. His first internal game for Argentina was against Hungary when he was 16 years old. He vie an important role in the 1979 World Youth Championship and which Argentina worn 3-1 against Soviet Union.In the same period, he was mired in the winner against Scotland, his first game as a senior. In 1982 World Cup, Maradona played five matches without universe substituted and agreed two intents against Hungary but was sent murder for foul play against Brazilian player the game that they also lost. In the 1986 World Cup, Maradona was the captain and contributed a rope into the winning of the 1986 FIFA World Cup. They win against West Germany in the finals. He played all the games in the 1986 World Cup, being dynamic and maintain his dominance throughout the tournament.In the same tournament, he scored five goals and assisted in five goals, two of the goals originating from the quarterfinal win against England. This game was played when there was tension between Argentina and England because of the Falklands War. The first goal was a arguable because it is believed and replays show that his hand played a major role. In fact, it is commonly referred to as the Hand of God, which was accepted by the referee to the wrath of the English players (Burns, 1997). The secantly goal was outstanding was voted the FIFA greatest goal of World Cup.He ran half through the field, drilling through f ive players and the goalkeeper with eleven touches scored the winning goal. In 2002, a crown that was conducted by FIFA concluded that this goal was the close of the coke. Nevertheless, he led his country to winning the 1986 World Cup through passing the ball to Jorge Burruchaga. Thus, Argentina won 3-2 against West Germany in Azteca Stadium in front of 115,000 spectators. The authorities of Azteca Stadium strengthened statue that showed scoring the goal of the century and the statue was fixed at the stadiums entrance.Moreover, he routineicipated in the 1990 FIFA World Cup but due to injury, his performance was not sensitive as that of 1986. Nevertheless, he captained the team to run the finals where they were defeated by West Germany through a controversial goal. In the extend World Cup of 1994 that he participated, he only played two goals (Maradona et al, 2005). He was sent home when he failed a drug test ephedrine dope. He claimed that a drink that he had taken had th e utter chemical and it was not his fault.At the USA 94, where the world cup was played, Argentina was eliminated in the second round. Apart from the World Cups, Maradona has played for several(a) clubs. Maradona played for Argentinos Juniors and later Boca Juniors. In 1982, he was transferred to FC Barcelona in Spain whereby he contributed a take to the achiever of the team winning the Copa del Rey and the Spanish Super Cup. In 1984, he was transferred to Napoli in Italy in which he attend toed to win the Italian championship in 1986/87 and 1989/90 and the team was second in 1987/88 and 1988/89.Other awards that the team was able to win with the help of Maradona were the UEFA Cup (1989), Coppa Italia (1987), runners up Coppa Italia (1989) and Italian Supercup (1990). At this period he faced mixed personal complications and other complications with the club. He was transferred in 1992 to Sevilla. Other teams that he played with are Newells Old Boys (1993) and Boca Juniors (1995 ) (Burns, 1997). Body organise and physique played a major role in ensuring that Maradona was successful in the field.His lower center of gravity, physical strengths and steady legs helped him to overcome his opponents and sprint towards the goal. Through the success of the teams he played for, it illustrates that Maradona was a strategist, team player and technical player. Wherever he played, he used to dribble mount speed towards the opponents goal and either score or deliver accurate passes to the teammates. Nevertheless, these capabilities were intensify by his capability of taking guiltless kicks. Apart from the field, Maradona has contributed a lot in telecasting shows and helping people.He hosted the Argentina television show The Night of the no. 10 in which some of his guests included Pele, Fidel Castro, Zidane and microphone Tyson. Nevertheless, apart from the television show, he took part in 2006 in the UKs soccer Aid and in the same year, he captained three-day World Cup Football tournament in Spain. Also in 2006, he was appointed the Intergovernmental Goodwill Ambassador (IIMSAM) (Maradona Website, 2009). He contributed a lot has a attracter for various teams. In 1994 and 1995, he coached Mandiyu and bucket along Club respectively with minimal success (Burns, 1997).However, in 2005, he became the sports vice chair in charge of Boca Juniors. At the time, Boca Juniors were not functioning well and had poor results. However, when Maradona was involved with the management of the team and built a close relationship with the players, the team fostered. chthonian his guidance, the team won 2006 Clausera, 2005 Apertura, 2005 Recopa Sudamericana and 2005 Copa Sudamericana. Nevertheless, in 2008 he became the coach of Argentina national football team. His team won the three consecutive matches but was defeated by Bolivia 6-1 on 1 April 2009 (Maradona Website, 2009).Moreover, Maradona was acknowledged, genuine various prices and awards. most of th e awards that he received include Argentina league top scorer (1979 to 1981), well-to-do Ball for outdo Player (1979), Best Footballer in the World (1986, 1987), World Player of the Year (1986), FIFA Goal of the Century (2002) and Argentine Senate (2005) to name accolades and honors that he received (Maradona Website, 2009). Thus, from this perspective it is clear that Maradona has contributed a lot to the sport world through his fellowship in soccer.He was able to play for various teams and ensuring that in separately team that he played for usually succeeded. This can be illustrated by the fact that in each team that he played for, the teams usually won awards and honors. He played for Argentinos Juniors and Boca Juniors in which they worn various award a replication of other teams that he played. In fact, in the case of Napoli, the period that Maradona played became the greatest successful period of the club. His get in the society and many people aiming to imitate him illus trates that like the legend Pele, Maradona is associated with soccer.